0001628280-24-048262 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

^[1]

$ 312,974

$ 245,109

$ 203,565

Related Party

$ 12,100

$ 5,900

$ 3,500

[1]	During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had revenues from related parties in the amount of $12.1 million, $5.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Amount, including tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value-added and excise.

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Common stock	12 Months Ended
Common stock	Sep. 30, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Common stock	Common stock As of September 30, 2024, the Company had reserved sufficient shares of common stock with a par value of $0.00001 per share for issuance upon exercise of outstanding stock options. Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote. The holders of shares of common stock are also entitled to receive dividends whenever funds are legally available and when declared by the board of directors. In February 2022, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 5,227,272 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $55.00 per share, including the full exercise of underwriters’ option to purchase an additional 681,818 shares of common stock. The Company received total net proceeds from the offering of $269.8 million, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

The entire disclosure for equity.

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Summary of Company's Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Fair value measurement - Summar of Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balances of the Financial Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		$ 7,193
Change in fair value	$ (2,100)	(5,426)
Settlement		(1,767)
Ending balance		0
Contingent Consideration
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		2,100
Change in fair value		(2,100)
Ending balance		0
Level 2 \| Holdbacks
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		5,093
Change in fair value		(3,326)
Settlement		(1,767)
Ending balance		0
Level 3 \| Contingent Consideration
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		2,100
Change in fair value		(2,100)
Settlement		0
Ending balance		$ 0

Fair value measurement (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

As of September 30, 2024, financial assets measured and recognized at fair value are as follows:


(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair value
Assets
Money market funds	$	199,858	$	—	$	—	$	199,858

U.S. government treasury bills	50,083		—		—		50,083
Total financial assets	$	249,941	$	—	$	—	$	249,941

As of September 30, 2023, financial assets measured and recognized at fair value are as follows:


(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair value
Assets
Money market funds	$	245,654	$	—	$	—	$	245,654
Corporate Bonds	—		14,889		—		14,889
U.S. government treasury bills	35,054		—		—		35,054
Total financial assets	$	280,708	$	14,889	$	—	$	295,597

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

The following table provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of the financial liabilities during the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:


(in thousands)	Holdbacks Level 2		Contingent consideration Level 3		Total fair value
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	5,093	$	2,100	$	7,193
Change in fair value	(3,326)		(2,100)		(5,426)
Settlement	(1,767)		—		(1,767)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	—

Summary of Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balances

The following table provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of the Level 3 financial assets and liabilities during the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


(in thousands)	Contingent consideration		Equity investments
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	2,100	$	3,711
Change in fair value	(2,100)		—
Additions during the year	—		—
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	—	$	3,711
Additions during the year	—		—
Impairment	—		(2,186)
Balance as of September 30, 2024	$	—	$	1,525

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs), by class of asset.

+ References + Details

Leases - Components of Lease Expense and Supplemental Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease costs	$ 15,637	$ 16,182
Variable lease costs	$ 7,724	$ 6,194
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) - operating leases	15 years 2 months 15 days	15 years 4 months 13 days
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	6.52%	6.54%

Goodwill and intangible assets - Schedule of Finite Lived Intangible Assets Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 1,053
2026	1,053
2027	1,053
2028	1,053
2029	1,053
Thereafter	9,213
Net book value	$ 14,478	$ 54,483

Commitments and contingencies	12 Months Ended
Commitments and contingencies	Sep. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and contingencies	Commitments and contingencies Legal Proceedings The Company may be subject to litigation, claims and disputes in the ordinary course of business. Certain significant matters are described below. We recognize accruals for matters to the extent that we conclude that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. If we determine that a material loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the possible loss. Securities Class Action On December 12, 2022, a putative securities class action lawsuit captioned Peters v. Twist Bioscience Corporation, et al., Case No. 22-cv-08168 (N.D. Cal.) (“Securities Class Action”) was filed in federal court in the Northern District of California (“Court”) against the Company, its Chief Executive Officer, and its Chief Financial Officer (the “Defendants”) alleging violations of federal securities laws. The Securities Class Action’s claims are based in large part on allegations made in a report issued on November 15, 2022 by Scorpion Capital (“Scorpion Report”) concerning, among other things, the Company’s DNA chip technology and accounting practices. The initial complaint filed in the Securities Class Action alleges that various statements that the defendants made between December 13, 2019 and November 14, 2022 were materially false and misleading in light of the allegations in the Scorpion Report. The plaintiff who initiated the lawsuit sought to represent a class of shareholders who acquired shares of the Company’s common stock between December 13, 2019 and November 14, 2022 and sought damages as well as certain other costs. On July 28, 2023, the Court appointed a new plaintiff, not the original plaintiff who filed the case, as lead plaintiff in the case and appointed a new law firm as lead counsel. On October 11, 2023, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint is purportedly brought on behalf of all persons other than the Defendants who acquired the Company’s securities between December 20, 2018 and November 15, 2022. The amended complaint alleges that certain statements regarding, among other things, the Company’s DNA products and accounting practices were false and misleading. This case remains in the preliminary stage. Given the inherent uncertainty of litigation and the legal standards that must be met, including class certification and success on the merits, the Company cannot express an opinion on the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or on the amount or range of any potential loss. The Company and the other defendants intend to vigorously defend themselves against the claims asserted against them and filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on December 6, 2023. A hearing on the motion to dismiss was held on November 13, 2024 and the Company is now awaiting the judge's decision. Derivative Action On September 25, 2023, a shareholder derivative suit captioned Shumacher vs. Leproust et al., No. 1:23-cv-01048-UNA, was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware against directors of the Company and an employee (the “Derivative Action”). The suit is based on substantially the same allegations in the Securities Class Action and seeks to recover, on behalf of the Company, damages to the Company arising from, among other things, the Securities Class Action. On November 13, 2023, the parties to the Derivative Action entered into a stipulation staying the Derivative Action pending resolution of the anticipated motion to dismiss the defendants have filed in the Securities Class Action. Indemnifications In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into agreements that may include indemnification provisions. Pursuant to such agreements, the Company may indemnify, hold harmless and defend the indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party. Some of the provisions will limit losses to those arising from third-party actions. In some cases, the indemnification will continue after the termination of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these provisions is not determinable. To date, the Company has not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification provisions. From time to time, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers that requires it to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers to the fullest extent permitted by law. The Company also has directors’ and officers’ insurance.

Impairment of long-lived assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Details of Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Held and Used by Asset


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Property and equipment	$	9,066	$	6,785	$	—
Finite-lived intangible assets	35,864		—		—
Total	$	44,930	$	6,785	$	—

Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	May 30, 2023 USD ($) ft² space extension	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of spaces \| space	2
Options to extend \| extension	2
Extension term	5 years
Operating lease security deposit with the lessor	$ 500
Future minimum payments		$ 133,555
Quincy, Massachusetts
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease area \| ft²	17,200
Future minimum payments	$ 8,600
Quincy, Massachusetts \| Premises A, First Two Years
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease base rent annual percentage increase	2.00%
Quincy, Massachusetts \| Premises A, After First Two Years
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease base rent annual percentage increase	2.75%
Quincy, Massachusetts \| Premises B, Annual Increase
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease base rent annual percentage increase	2.75%

Fair value measurement

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair value measurement

The Company determines the fair value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considering counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis

As of September 30, 2024, financial assets measured and recognized at fair value are as follows:


(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair value
Assets
Money market funds	$	199,858	$	—	$	—	$	199,858

U.S. government treasury bills	50,083		—		—		50,083
Total financial assets	$	249,941	$	—	$	—	$	249,941

As of September 30, 2023, financial assets measured and recognized at fair value are as follows:


(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair value
Assets
Money market funds	$	245,654	$	—	$	—	$	245,654
Corporate Bonds	—		14,889		—		14,889
U.S. government treasury bills	35,054		—		—		35,054
Total financial assets	$	280,708	$	14,889	$	—	$	295,597

Contractual maturities of short-term investments, as of September 30, 2024, were less than 12 months. The Company does not intend to sell the money market funds and short term investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis.

As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, there are no financial liabilities measured and recognized at fair value.

The following table provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of the financial liabilities during the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:


(in thousands)	Holdbacks Level 2		Contingent consideration Level 3		Total fair value
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	5,093	$	2,100	$	7,193
Change in fair value	(3,326)		(2,100)		(5,426)
Settlement	(1,767)		—		(1,767)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	—

In June 2023, the indemnity holdback period ended, and the Company issued 104,727 shares valued of its common stock at $1.8 million along with an immaterial cash payment for fractional shares to satisfy the indemnity holdback. The estimated fair value of the holdback liability decreased as a result of the change in the Company’s stock price between September 30, 2022 and the date of settlement of the holdback liability.

At September 30, 2022, the contingent consideration liability in connection with the acquisition of AbX Biologics, Inc., a privately-held company providing in vivo antibody discovery services (“Abveris”) was $2.1 million based on management's determined that the revenue target for the calendar year 2022 was probable of being achieved. During the year September 30, 2023, management determined that the revenue target for the calendar year 2022 was not achieved, and therefore, a change in fair value of contingent consideration of $2.1 million was recognized, resulting in the extinguishment of the contingent consideration liability of $2.1 million.

Assets and liabilities without readily determinable values measured on a non-recurring basis

During 2021 and as amended in 2022, the Company entered into convertible promissory note agreements with a privately held company (“Borrower”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to loan to the Borrower $3.5 million in a series of loan installments, evidenced by a convertible promissory note having a maturity date of May 1, 2023 (“Convertible Note”). The

Convertible Note included an option to convert the Convertible note into the Borrower’s equity at the Borrower’s next round of equity financing, and accrued interest at a rate of 4% per annum. In April 2023, the Company exercised the option and the Borrower issued to the Company ordinary shares which represent a 15% equity interest. As of September 30, 2024, the Company’s equity investments were categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

The equity investment held by the company is a VIE, but the Company is not the primary beneficiary. The Company does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the investee. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from this VIE consists of equity investment of $1.5 million. Equity investments held by the Company lack readily determinable fair values and therefore the securities are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar equity securities of the same issuer. The Company reviews the carrying value of its equity investments for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such asset may not be fully recoverable. Impairments, if any, are based on the excess of the carrying amount over the recoverable amount of the asset. The Company recorded $2.2 million of impairments during the years ended September 30, 2024. There were no such impairments during the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Changes in level 3 financial assets and liabilities

There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 in the periods presented.

The following table provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending balances of the Level 3 financial assets and liabilities during the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


(in thousands)	Contingent consideration		Equity investments
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	2,100	$	3,711
Change in fair value	(2,100)		—
Additions during the year	—		—
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	—	$	3,711
Additions during the year	—		—
Impairment	—		(2,186)
Balance as of September 30, 2024	$	—	$	1,525

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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Fair value measurement - Summary of Company's Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Assets
Short term investments, fair value	$ 50,083	$ 49,943
Total financial assets	249,941	295,597
Corporate bonds
Assets
Short term investments, fair value		14,889
U.S. government treasury bills
Assets
Short term investments, fair value	50,083	35,054
Money market funds
Assets
Money market funds	199,858	245,654
Level 1
Assets
Total financial assets	249,941	280,708
Level 1 \| Corporate bonds
Assets
Short term investments, fair value		0
Level 1 \| U.S. government treasury bills
Assets
Short term investments, fair value	50,083	35,054
Level 1 \| Money market funds
Assets
Money market funds	199,858	245,654
Level 2
Assets
Total financial assets	0	14,889
Level 2 \| Corporate bonds
Assets
Short term investments, fair value		14,889
Level 2 \| U.S. government treasury bills
Assets
Short term investments, fair value	0	0
Level 2 \| Money market funds
Assets
Money market funds	0	0
Level 3
Assets
Total financial assets	0	0
Level 3 \| Corporate bonds
Assets
Short term investments, fair value		0
Level 3 \| U.S. government treasury bills
Assets
Short term investments, fair value	0	0
Level 3 \| Money market funds
Assets
Money market funds	$ 0	$ 0

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of presentation and use of estimates	Basis of presentation The consolidated financial statements, which include the Company’s accounts and the accounts of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (or “GAAP”). The Company’s consolidated financial statements included its wholly-owned subsidiaries and Revelar, a variable interest entity ("VIE") for which the Company was the primary beneficiary through September 30, 2022. All intercompany balances and accounts are eliminated in consolidation. To conform with current fiscal year 2024 presentation, we reclassified $6.8 million of impairment of property and equipment included within restructuring and other costs to impairment of long-lived assets in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended September 30, 2023. This reclassification had no impact on our consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended September 30, 2023.
Concentration of credit risk	Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s cash is held with two financial institutions that management believe are of high credit quality. Such deposits may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. The Company’s investment policy addresses the level of credit exposure by establishing a minimum allowable credit rating and by limiting the concentration in any one investment. The Company’s accounts receivable is derived from customers located principally in the United States, Europe and Asia-Pacific region ("APAC"). The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses on customers’ accounts when deemed necessary. The Company does not typically require collateral from its customers. Credit losses historically have not been material. The Company continuously monitors customer payments and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based on its assessment of various factors including historical experience, age of the receivable balances, and other current economic conditions or other factors that may affect customers’ ability to pay.
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash Cash equivalents that are readily convertible to cash are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of investments in money market funds as of September 30, 2024 and 2023. Restricted cash represents cash held at financial institutions that are pledged as collateral for stand-by letters of credit for lease commitments. The lease related letters of credit will lapse at the end of the respective lease terms through 2044.
Short-term investments	Short-term investments The Company invests in various types of securities, including United States government, commercial paper, and corporate debt securities. The Company classifies its investments as available-for-sale and records them at fair value based upon market prices at period end. The Company regularly reviews its short-term investments to identify and evaluate investments that have indications of possible impairment from credit losses or other factors. For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company evaluates whether a current expected credit loss exists based on available information relevant to the credit rating of the security, current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for credit loss is recorded in other income (expense), net, on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, not to exceed the amount of the unrealized loss. Any excess unrealized loss other than the credit loss is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss in the stockholders' equity section of the consolidated balance sheets. There was no allowance for credit losses relating to the short-term investments recognized as of September 30, 2024. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method and realized gains and losses are included in other income (expense), net. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. The Company may sell these securities at any time for use in current operations.
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses Accounts receivables include amounts billed and currently due from customers, recorded at the net invoice value and are not interest bearing. The Company has a short order-to-invoice lifecycle, as most products can be manufactured within one month. Upon delivery of the products to the customer, the Company invoices the customer. The typical timing of payment is net 30 days. If the right to payment for services performed was conditional on something other than the passage of time, the unbilled amount would be recorded as a separate contract asset. The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily through accounts receivable from sales of its products and services. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses for expected uncollectible accounts receivable and contract assets, which is recorded as an offset to accounts receivable or contract assets and provisions for credit losses are recorded in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The allowance for current expected credit losses is based on a review of customer accounts and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current economic and business conditions and anticipated future economic events that may impact collectability. In developing its expected credit loss estimate, the Company evaluated the appropriate grouping of accounts receivable and contract assets based upon its evaluation of risk characteristics, including consideration of region and industries of the customers. Specific allowance amounts are established to record the appropriate provision for customers that have a higher probability of default. The allowance for credit losses is reviewed on a regular basis to assess the adequacy of the allowance and once a receivable is deemed to be uncollectible, such balance is charged against the allowance. Allowance for credit losses were $0.7 million and $0.2 million as of September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Fair value of financial instruments	Fair value of financial instruments The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities which are required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risks. See Note 5, Fair value measurements, for more information. The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments including cash equivalents, short term investments, and accounts receivable approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.
Inventories	Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company periodically review its inventories to identify obsolete, slow-moving, excess or otherwise unsaleable items. If obsolete, slow-moving, excess or unsaleable items are observed and there are no alternate uses for the inventory, the Company records a write-down to net realizable value through a charge to cost of revenues on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The determination of net realizable value requires judgment, including consideration of many factors, such as estimates of future product demand, past experience, product net selling prices, current and future market conditions, the age and nature of inventories, and potential product obsolescence, among others.
Property and equipment	Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the lesser of the useful life and the remaining lease term of the respective leasehold improvements assets, if any. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations in the period recognized. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Capitalized software held for internal use	Capitalized software held for internal use Costs associated with internal-use software systems during the application development stage are capitalized. Capitalization of costs begins when the preliminary project stage is completed, management has committed to funding the project, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. Costs include external direct costs of services and applicable personnel costs of employees devoted to specific software application development. Personnel costs consist of salaries, employee benefit costs, bonuses and stock-based compensation expenses. The capitalized amounts are included in property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Capitalization ceases at the point when the project is substantially complete and is ready for its intended purpose.
Finite-lived intangible assets	Finite-lived intangible assets Finite-lived intangible assets are recorded at cost, net of accumulated amortization, and, if applicable, impairment charges. Amortization of finite-lived intangible assets is recorded over the assets’ estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis or based on the pattern in which economic benefits are consumed, if reliably determinable. The Company reviews the finite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. See “Impairment of long-lived assets” for additional information.
Impairment of long-lived assets	Impairment of long-lived assets The Company's long-lived assets consists of property and equipment, right of use assets and finite-lived intangible assets. The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If indicators of impairment are present, the Company tests for recoverability by comparing the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset over its remaining useful life to the carrying amount of the asset or asset group. If the asset or asset group is determined to be impaired, any excess of the carrying value of the asset or asset group over its estimated fair value is recognized as an impairment loss. Impairment assessments inherently involve judgment as to assumptions about expected future cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions.
Leases	Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception and classifies each lease as operating or financing. Operating lease right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments made during the lease term, net of any tenant improvement allowance. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In determining the present value of committed lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date which includes significant assumptions made including the Company’s estimated credit rating, annual percentage yields from corporate debt financings of companies of similar size and credit rating over a loan term approximating the remaining term of each lease, and government bond yields for terms approximating the remaining term of each lease in countries where the leased assets are located. Certain leases include payments of operating expenses that are dependent on the landlord’s estimate, and these variable payments are therefore excluded from the lease payments used to determine the operating lease right-of-use asset and lease liability. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise any such options. Operating lease right-of-use assets are adjusted for prepaid lease payments, lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. The Company elected to not apply the recognition requirements of Topic 842 to short-term leases with terms of 12 months or less which do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. For short-term leases, lease payments are recognized as operating expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company elected to account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
Goodwill	Goodwill Determining when to test for impairment, the reporting unit, the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, and the fair value of the reporting unit requires significant judgment and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. The Company tests goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter each year, or more frequently if indicators of an impairment exist. Evaluating goodwill for impairment involves the determination of the fair value of the reporting unit in which goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are recorded using a qualitative or quantitative analysis. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is considered not impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the Company will record an impairment loss up to the difference between the carrying value and implied fair value. The Company has an unconditional option to bypass the qualitative assessment in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test. For 2024, the Company elected to proceed directly to the step-one assessment which indicated that the fair value of its single reporting unit substantially exceeded the carrying value.
Segment information	Segment information The Company is a synthetic biology and genomics company that has developed a disruptive DNA synthesis platform to industrialize the engineering of biology and manufactures synthetic genes, tools for next-generation sequencing preparation, and antibody libraries for drug discovery and development and operates as one reportable and operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker, its Chief Executive Officer (CEO), reviews the Company’s operating results on an aggregate basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.
Foreign currency transactions and translation	Foreign currency transactions and translation The Company's consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency for certain foreign subsidiaries is their local currency. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses for non-U.S. dollar functional currency entities are translated into U.S. dollars using average currency exchange rates for the period. Assets and liabilities for such entities are translated using exchange rates that approximate the rate at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses on transactions not denominated in functional currency are recorded in Other income (expense), net, on the consolidated statements of operations.
Revenue recognition	Revenue recognition The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five steps: i.identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; ii.determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; iii.measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; iv.allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations based on estimated selling prices; and v.recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account. See Note 3, Revenue recognition, for detailed discussions of revenue recognition, and how the five steps described above are applied. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenues primarily consists of cost incurred in the production and delivery of the Company's products and consists of production materials, personnel costs, cost of expensed equipment and consumables, laboratory supplies, consulting costs, depreciation, production overhead costs, information technology, maintenance and facility costs. Personnel costs consist of salaries, employee benefit costs, bonuses, and stock-based compensation expenses. In addition, cost of revenue includes royalty costs for licensed technologies included in the Company’s products, and provisions for slow-moving and obsolete inventory.
Research and development	Research and development Research and development expenses consist of compensation costs, employee benefits, subcontractors, research supplies, allocated facility related expenses and allocated depreciation and amortization. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Advertising costs	Advertising costs Costs related to advertising and promotions are expensed to sales and marketing as incurred.
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation The Company maintains performance incentive plans under which incentive and nonqualified stock options, performance-based stock options, restricted stock units, performance-based stock units and through employer purchase plan are granted primarily to employees and may be granted to members of the board of directors and certain non-employee consultants, and employees may participate in an employee stock purchase plan. The Company recognizes stock compensation in accordance with the Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. ASC 718 requires the recognition of compensation expense, using a fair value-based method, for costs related to all stock-based payments including stock options, restricted stock units and employee stock purchase plan. The Company recognizes fair value of stock options granted to employees and non-employees as a stock-based compensation expense over the period in which the related services are received. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The Company believes that the estimated fair value of stock options is more readily measurable than the fair value of the services rendered. For performance-based awards, expense is recognized over the period from the grant date to the estimated attainment date, which is the derived service period of the award, if management determines that it is probable that the performance-based vesting conditions will be achieved.
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders	Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders The Company calculates its basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders in conformity with the two-class method required for companies with participating securities. In computing diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders, undistributed earnings are re-allocated to reflect the potential impact of dilutive securities. For purposes of the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, unvested shares of common stock issued upon the early exercise of stock options, shares issuable for employee stock purchase plan contributions received, warrants to purchase common stock, unvested restricted common stock, unvested restricted stock units and stock options to purchase common stock are considered potentially dilutive securities but have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders as their effect is antidilutive. Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase, and excludes any dilutive effects of employee stock-based awards and warrants. Because the Company has reported a net loss for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, diluted net loss per common share is the same as the basic net loss per share for those years.
Income taxes	Income taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company’s tax positions are subject to income tax audits. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is more likely than not (greater than 50% likely) to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its tax provision. The Company calculates the current and deferred income tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed income tax returns are recorded when identified. The amount of income tax paid is subject to examination by U.S. and foreign tax authorities. The estimate of the potential outcome of any uncertain tax issue is subject to management’s assessment of the relevant risks, facts and circumstances existing at that time. To the extent the assessment of such tax position changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made.
Variable interest entities	Variable interest entities The Company consolidates a VIE in which the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. An entity is generally a VIE if it meets any of the following criteria: (i) the entity has insufficient equity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, (ii) the equity investors cannot make significant decisions about the entity’s operations or (iii) the voting rights of some investors are not proportional to their obligations to absorb the expected losses of the entity or receive the expected returns of the entity and substantially all of the entity’s activities involve or are conducted on behalf of the investor with disproportionately few voting rights. The Company periodically makes judgments in determining whether its investees are VIEs and, for each reporting period, the Company assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary of its VIE.
Business combinations	Business combinations The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method, the purchase price of the acquisition is allocated to the acquired tangible and identifiable intangible assets and assumed liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the time of the acquisition. This allocation involves a number of assumptions, estimates, and judgments that could materially affect the timing or amounts recognized in the Company’s financial statements. As a result, the Company may record adjustments to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) with the corresponding offset to goodwill. The most subjective areas of the acquisition accounting method include determining the fair value of the following: •identifiable intangible assets, including the valuation methodology, estimates of projected revenues, technology obsolescence, and discount rates, as well as the estimated useful life of the intangible assets; •contingent consideration; and •goodwill, as measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets, and the liabilities assumed. The assumptions and estimates are based upon comparable market data and information obtained from the management of the acquired business. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination as of the acquisition date. Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives in a pattern in which the asset is consumed. Acquisition-related costs, including advisory, legal, accounting, valuation, and other similar costs, are expensed in the periods in which those costs are incurred. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date.
Restructuring and other costs	Restructuring and other costs Restructuring and other costs are comprised of employee separation costs and other associated costs primarily related to implementing a plan. Employee separation costs principally consist of one-time termination benefits and contractual termination benefits for severance, other termination benefit costs, and stock-based compensation expense for the acceleration of stock awards. The Company records restructuring charges based on whether the termination benefits are provided under an on-going benefit arrangement or under a one-time benefit arrangement. The Company accounts for on-going benefit arrangements, such as those documented by employment agreements, in accordance with ASC 712, Nonretirement Postemployment Benefits. Under ASC 712, liabilities for post employment benefits are recorded at the time the obligations are probable of being incurred and can be reasonably estimated. The Company accounts for one-time employment benefit arrangements in accordance with ASC 420 Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations. One-time termination benefits are expensed at the date the entity notifies the employee, unless the employee must provide future service, in which case the benefits are expensed ratably over the future service period. Other associated costs are recognized in the period in which the liability is incurred.
Recent accounting pronouncements	Recent accounting pronouncements New accounting guidance adopted In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” and has since modified the standard with several ASUs (collectively, “Topic 326”). Topic 326 requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets. The ASU replaced previous incurred loss impairment guidance and established a single expected credit losses allowance framework for financial assets carried at amortized cost. It also eliminated the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to certain available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. On October 1, 2023, the Company adopted this standard using a modified retrospective approach, which requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings to be recognized on the date of adoption and, accordingly, recorded a net increase of $0.1 million to accumulated deficit as of the beginning of fiscal year 2024. In connection with the adoption of Topic 326, the Company made an accounting policy election to not measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable. New accounting guidance issued but not yet effective In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topic 740)". The amendments in this ASU require that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard is not expected to have a material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07 "Segment Reporting (Topic 280)". The amendments in this ASU improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The standard is not expected to have a material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company has evaluated other recently issued accounting pronouncements and has concluded that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (208,726)	$ (204,618)	$ (217,863)

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 805
-SubTopic 60
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$ (208,726)	$ (204,618)	$ (217,863)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	31,432	29,310	16,514
Impairment of long-lived assets	44,930	6,785	0
Non-cash lease expense, net of tenant improvement allowance	940	2,573	20,127
Stock-based compensation	50,925	30,278	79,664
Change in fair value of contingent considerations and holdbacks	0	(5,913)	(14,245)
Gain on deconsolidation of Revelar	0	0	(4,607)
Other non-cash adjustments	994	120	1,381
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	8,444	(4,320)	(9,622)
Inventories	7,986	7,238	(7,536)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	382	(4,166)	(2,551)
Other non-current assets	431	1,376	7,273
Accounts payable	(11,805)	(2,508)	7,383
Accrued expenses	4,415	2,578	2,269
Accrued compensation	7,875	(1,099)	4,852
Other liabilities	(2,317)	(108)	(7,424)
Net cash used in operating activities	(64,094)	(142,474)	(124,385)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(5,076)	(27,779)	(101,857)
Business acquisition, net of cash acquired	0	0	(8,160)
Deconsolidation of cash and cash equivalent relating to Revelar	0	0	(5,755)
Purchases of investments	(51,905)	(76,345)	(217,639)
Proceeds from maturity of investments	53,910	154,736	100,481
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(3,071)	50,612	(232,930)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	7,100	1,379	6,014
Proceeds from public offerings, net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses	0	0	269,822
Proceeds from issuance under employee stock purchase plan	3,765	3,937	4,010
Repayments of long-term debt	0	0	(1,558)
Repurchases of common stock for income tax withholding	(3,975)	(4,405)	(7,754)
Net cash provided by financing activities	6,890	911	270,534
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	126	(27)	(319)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(60,149)	(90,978)	(87,100)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year	289,281	380,259	467,359
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of year	229,132	289,281	380,259
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest paid	0	0	9
Income taxes paid, net of refunds	344	420	246
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Property and equipment additions included in accrued expenses and accounts payable	92	772	6,297
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	0	6,676	21,367
Issuance of common stock in connection with the business acquisition	0	5,860	77,122
Tenant improvement allowance capitalized in property and equipment	2,719	0	0
Conversion of convertible notes	$ 0	$ 3,711	$ 0

Stock-based compensation - Valuation Assumptions (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (years)		6 years
Expected volatility		70.70%
Risk-free interest rate		1.40%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Performance Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (years)		5 years 10 months 24 days
Expected volatility		70.90%
Risk-free interest rate		2.80%
Dividend yield		0.00%

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]

Summary of significant accounting policies - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) segment	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2024 USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Tangible asset impairment charges	$ 9,066	$ 6,785	$ 0
Credit period granted to customers	30 days
Accounts receivable, allowance for credit loss	$ 700	200
Number of reportable segments \| segment	1
Number of operating segments \| segment	1
Advertising and promotion expenses	$ 5,200	2,900	$ 2,400
Accumulated deficit	(1,241,908)	$ (1,033,034)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Accumulated deficit				$ (100)
Revision of Prior Period, Reclassification, Adjustment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Tangible asset impairment charges	$ 6,800

Goodwill and intangible assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Total amortization expense related to intangible assets	$ 4.1	$ 5.3	$ 4.9

Balance sheet components (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Summary of inventories

Inventories consist of the following:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Raw Materials	$	17,316	$	27,024
Work-in-process	2,146		1,113
Finished Goods	4,616		3,926
	$	24,078	$	32,063

Schedule of Property Plant And Equipment

Property and Equipment, net consists of the following:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Laboratory equipment	$	99,528	$	104,508
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment	2,944		3,484
Vehicles	211		85
Computer equipment	3,249		3,103
Computer software	10,095		5,507
Leasehold improvements	57,448		57,271
Construction in progress	4,688		8,528
	$	178,163	$	182,486
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(75,643)		(50,656)
	$	102,520	$	131,830

Schedule of Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consist of the following:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Income and other taxes payable	$	2,725	$	4,374
Contract liabilities	2,131		2,999
Other current liabilities	961		430


	$	5,817	$	7,803

2023 Restructuring and other costs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and Related Costs

estructuring and other costs and losses on disposal of property and equipment, which was accounted in accordance with ASC 360, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets are presented in the table below:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023
Restructuring and other costs:
Severance and related benefit costs	$	8,467
Other associated costs (1)	917
	$	9,384
Impairment of long-lived assets:
Asset impairments (2)	6,785
	$	16,169

(1) Related primarily to costs associated with transferring assets between labs and professional service assistance related to the restructuring.

(2) Related to write-off of lab equipment $3.7 million and leasehold improvements for decommissioned labs $1.8 million and computer software $1.3 million.

The following table shows the accrual activity and payments relating to cash-based restructuring costs for the year ended September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Severance and related benefit costs		Other associated costs		Total
Costs	$	8,467	$	917	$	9,384
Payments	(7,950)		(917)		(8,867)
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	517	$	—	$	517

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Revenue

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

The Company’s revenue is generated through the sale of synthetic biology tools, such as synthetic genes, oligo pools, NGS tools, DNA libraries and biopharma services for antibody discovery, optimization and development ("Biopharma").

Contracts with customers are in the written form of a purchase order or a quotation, which outline the promised goods and the agreed upon price. Such orders may be accompanied by a Master Supply or Distribution Agreement that establishes the terms and conditions, rights of the parties, delivery terms, and pricing. The Company assesses collectability based on a number of factors, including past transaction history and creditworthiness of the customer.

Synthetic genes, oligo pools, NGS tools, and DNA libraries

The Company recognizes revenue when control of the products is transferred to the customer and at a transaction price that is determined based on the agreed upon rates in the applicable order or master supply agreement applied to the quantity of synthetic DNA that was manufactured and shipped to the customer. The transaction price is determined based on the agreed upon rates in the quotation, the purchase order, or the master supply agreements applied to the quantity of all the products that were manufactured and shipped to the customer. The Company’s contracts may include one or more ordered products, and the shipment of these products comprises the performance obligation (s) under the contract. Accordingly, all of the transaction price, net of any discounts, is allocated to the performance obligation (s). The Company’s sales are subject to Ex Works (as defined in Incoterms 2010) delivery terms and revenue, other than Biopharma revenue, is recorded at the point in time when products are picked up by the customer’s freight forwarder, as the Company has determined that this is the point in time that control transfers to the customer. Therefore, upon shipment of the product, there are no remaining performance obligations. The Company’s shipping and handling activities are performed before the customer obtains control of the goods and therefore are considered a fulfillment cost. Shipping and handling fees charged to our customers are recognized as product revenue in the period shipped and the related costs for providing these services are recorded as a cost of revenue. The Company has elected to exclude all sales and value added taxes from the measurement of the transaction price. The Company has not adjusted the transaction price for significant financing since the time period between the transfer of goods and payment is less than one year. The Company has elected the practical expedient to not disclose the consideration allocated to remaining performance obligations and an explanation of when those amounts are expected to be recognized as revenue since the duration of the contracts is less than one year.

Biopharma

The Company’s Biopharma revenue primarily consists of research and development agreements with third parties that provide for up-front and milestone-based payments. The Company also enters into research and development agreements that do not include up-front or milestone-based payments and recognizes revenue on these types of agreements based on the timing of development activities. The Company’s research and development agreements may include more than one performance obligation. At the inception of the agreement, the Company assesses whether each obligation represents a separate performance obligation or whether such obligations should be combined as a single performance obligation. The transaction price for each agreement is determined based on the amount of consideration the Company expects to be entitled to for satisfying all performance obligations within the agreement. The Company assesses the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue. In agreements where the Company satisfies performance obligation(s) over time, the Company recognizes development

revenue typically using an input method based on costs incurred relative to the total expected cost which determines the extent of progress toward completion. As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company must develop estimates and assumptions that require judgment to determine the transaction price and progress towards completion. The Company reviews its estimate of the transaction price and progress toward completion based on the best information available to recognize the cumulative progress toward completion as of the end of each reporting period and makes revisions to such estimates as necessary. Also, these research and development agreements may include license payments. The Company recognizes revenue from functional license agreements when the license is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. A functional license has significant standalone functionality because it can be used as is for performing a specific task.

Contract balances

The following table summarizes our contract balances:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Contract assets(1)	$	2,031	$	2,816
Contract liabilities(2)	2,131		2,999

(1) consists of unbilled amounts primarily related to Biopharma contracts which consists of research and development agreements with third parties.

(2) Generally results from receipt of advance payment before our performance related to Biopharma contracts.

For the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 the Company recognized revenue of $1.7 million, $2.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively, from the amount that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of each year.

In addition, for all periods presented, there was no revenue recognized in a reporting period from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied as of September 30, 2024 was $8.6 million. The Company expects to recognize revenue over the next twelve months relating to performance obligations unsatisfied as of September 30, 2024.

Based on the nature of the Company’s contracts with customers which are recognized over a term of less than 12 months, the Company has elected to use the practical expedient whereby costs to obtain a contract are expensed as they are incurred. The Company states its revenues net of any taxes collected from customers that are required to be remitted to various government agencies. The amount of taxes collected from customers and payable to governmental entities is included on the balance sheet as part of “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities.”

Disaggregation of revenues

The table below sets forth revenues by geographic region, based on ship-to destinations. Americas consists of the United States, Canada, Mexico and South America; EMEA consists of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa; and APAC consists of Japan, China, South Korea, India, Singapore, Malaysia and Australia.


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Americas	$	193,884	$	151,263	$	122,473
EMEA	92,567		71,389		62,078
APAC	26,523		22,457		19,014
Total	$	312,974	$	245,109	$	203,565

The table below sets forth revenues by products.


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Synthetic genes	$	92,679	$	73,541	$	61,509
Oligo pools	16,906		14,489		12,424
DNA libraries	13,933		10,201		6,149
Antibody discovery	20,328		23,172		24,171
NGS tools	169,128		123,706		99,312
Total	$	312,974	$	245,109	$	203,565

The table below sets forth revenues by industry.


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Industrial chemicals/materials	$	83,472	$	59,321	$	57,940
Academic research	58,452		45,847		37,097
Healthcare	168,959		137,148		106,363
Food/agriculture	2,091		2,793		2,165
Total revenues	$	312,974	$	245,109	$	203,565

Revenue from the United States represented 60%, 60% and 59% of the total revenue for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Customer concentration

There are no major customers who accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenue for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022.

There were no major customers who accounted for 10% or more of the net accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024. There was one customer who accounted for 10% or more of the net accounts receivable as of September 30, 2023.

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

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Summary of Cash and Cash Equivalents

Summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]


(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	286,470
Restricted cash, non-current	2,816		2,811
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	229,132	$	289,281

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2024:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	26,458	$	—	$	—	$	26,458
Cash equivalents - money market funds	199,858		—		—		199,858
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	—	$	—	$	226,316
Short-term investments:
U.S. government treasury bills	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Total short-term investments	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	$	1,525	$	—	$	—	$	1,525
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	277,805	$	119	$	—	$	277,924

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	40,816	$	—	$	—	$	40,816
Cash equivalents - money market funds	245,654		—		—		245,654
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	286,470	$	—	$	—	$	286,470
Short-term investments:
Corporate bonds	$	14,918	$	—	$	(29)	$	14,889
U.S. government treasury bills	35,111		—		(57)		35,054
Total short-term investments	$	50,029	$	—	$	(86)	$	49,943
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	3,711		—		—		3,711
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	340,210	$	—	$	(86)	$	340,124

Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents


(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	286,470
Restricted cash, non-current	2,816		2,811
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	229,132	$	289,281

Schedule of Estimated Lives of Property And Equipment

Estimated lives of property and equipment are as follows:


Laboratory equipment			5 Years
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment			5 Years
Computer equipment			3 Years
Vehicles			5 Years
Computer software			3 Years
Leasehold improvements			Lesser of useful life or facilities’ lease term

Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Recognized revenue	$ 1.7	$ 2.8	$ 1.1
Performance obligation amount	$ 8.6
United States \| Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	60.00%	60.00%	59.00%

Balance sheet components - Schedule of Property Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 178,163	$ 182,486
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(75,643)	(50,656)
Property and equipment, net	102,520	131,830
Laboratory equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	99,528	104,508
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	2,944	3,484
Vehicles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	211	85
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	3,249	3,103
Computer software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	10,095	5,507
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	57,448	57,271
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 4,688	$ 8,528

Stock-based compensation

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-based compensation

2018 Equity Incentive Plan

On September 26, 2018, the board of directors adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2018 Plan) as a successor to the 2013 Stock Plan (the 2013 Plan). The maximum aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the 2018 Plan is 6,856,405 of the Company’s common stock. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan will be increased automatically on the first day of each fiscal year, following the fiscal year in which the 2018 Plan became effective, by a number equal to the least of 999,900, 4% of the shares of common stock outstanding at that time, or such number of shares determined by the Company’s board of directors. The common shares issuable under the 2018 Plan are registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8 on November 1, 2018.

Inducement Equity Incentive Plan

On August 22, 2023, the board of directors adopted an inducement equity incentive plan (the "Inducement Plan). The maximum aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the Inducement Plan is 700,000 of the Company's common stock. The Inducement Plan permits the grant of non-statutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units and performance shares. The shares issuable under the Inducement Plan are registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 25, 2023.

As of September 30, 2024, a total of 1,618,728 shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan and the Inducement Plan.

Any shares subject to outstanding awards under the 2013 Plan that are canceled or repurchased subsequent to the 2018 Plan’s effective date are returned to the pool of shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan. Awards granted under the 2018 Plan may be non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, and performance units.

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock consists of restricted stock unit awards (RSUs) which have been granted to employees and non-employee directors. The value of an RSU award is based on the Company’s stock price on the date of grant. Employee grants generally vest over four years and non-employee director grants generally vest over one year. Forfeitures of RSUs are recognized as they occur. The shares underlying the RSU awards are not issued until the RSUs vest. Upon vesting, each RSU converts into one share of the Company’s common stock.

Activity with respect to the Company’s restricted stock units during the year ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value per share








Nonvested shares at September 30, 2023	1,620	$	40.73
Granted	1,523	$	28.01
Vested/Issued	(786)	39.39
Forfeited	(393)	37.29
Nonvested shares at September 30, 2024	1,964	$	32.13

As of September 30, 2024, there was $55.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to these issuances that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years. The total grant date fair value of RSUs awarded during the year ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $42.7 million, $32.2 million and $96.2 million, respectively. The total grant date fair value of RSUs vested during the year ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $31.0 million, $33.7 million and $27.1 million, respectively.

Performance Stock Units

Performance stock unit awards (“PSUs”) granted to Company executives will vest upon achievement of multiple year revenue, gross profit and cash balance metrics as determined by the board of directors, and to certain non-employee consultants will vest upon achievement of operational milestones. Stock compensation expense for PSUs is recorded over the vesting period based on the grant date fair value of the awards and probability of the achievement of specified performance targets. The grant date fair value is equal to the closing share price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. For Company executives, PSUs generally vest over a two to three-year service period following the grant date, provided that the recipient is a Company employee at the time of vesting and the performance targets applicable to each award are achieved. For non-employees, PSUs generally vest over a one to three-year service period following the grant date, provided that the performance targets applicable to each award are achieved. The percentage of PSUs that vest

will depend on the achievement of specified performance targets at the end of the performance period and can range from 0% to 150% of the number of units granted. Any PSUs that are unvested at the end of the performance period are forfeited. Forfeitures of PSUs are recognized as they occur.

Activity under the PSUs during the year ended September 30, 2024 is summarized below:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value per share








Nonvested shares at September 30, 2023	932	$	36.82
Granted	617	$	18.71
Vested/Issued	(87)	79.66
Forfeited	(296)	25.19
Nonvested shares at September 30, 2024	1,166	$	27.01

As of September 30, 2024, the unrecognized compensation costs related to these awards was $9.5 million, based on the maximum achievement of the performance targets. The Company expects to recognize those costs over a weighted average period of 1.4 years. The total grant date fair value of PSUs awarded during the year ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $11.5 million, $21.2 million and $49.0 million, respectively. The total grant date fair value of PSUs vested during the year ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $6.9 million, $1.8 million and $0.5 million, respectively.

Options

Options are generally granted to employees and were granted to non-employee directors until fiscal year 2022. Stock options entitle the holder to purchase, at the end of the vesting term, a specified number of shares of Company common stock at an exercise price per share equal to the closing market price of the common stock on the date of grant. Stock options have a contractual life from the date of the grant and a vesting schedule as established by the board of directors. The maximum term of stock options granted under the 2018 Plan is 10 years and the awards generally vest over a four-year period. Forfeitures of options are recognized as they occur. The fair value of each services based stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company historically had been a private company and lacked company-specific historical and implied volatility information for its stock. Therefore, it estimated its expected stock price volatility based on the historical volatility of publicly traded peer companies and utilized the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla” options. As determined under the simplified method, the expected term of stock options granted is calculated based on contractual and vesting terms of the option award, the risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award and the expected dividend yield is zero based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends on common stock and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Options activity during the year ended September 30, 2024 is summarized below:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average exercise price per share		Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)	Aggregate intrinsic value










Outstanding at September 30, 2023	2,119	$	24.18	5.25	$	6,715

Forfeited	(116)	38.41		—	—
Exercised	(384)	18.50		—	$	9,202

Outstanding at September 30, 2024	1,619	$	24.51	4.27	$	36,798
Nonvested at September 30, 2024	3	$	106.55	6.94	—
Exercisable at September 30, 2024	1,616	$	24.35	4.27	$	36,798

As of September 30, 2024, the unrecognized compensation costs related to these awards was $0.2 million. The Company expects to recognize those costs over a weighted average period of 1.0 years. The Company did not grant any options during the year ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The total grant date fair value of stock options awarded during the

year ended September 30, 2022 was $15.8 million. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were $1.1 million and $31.9 million, respectively.

The fair value of options granted during the year ended September 30, 2022 were calculated using the weighted average assumptions set forth below:


	Year ended September 30,
	2022
Expected term (years)	6.0
Expected volatility	70.7	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.4	%
Dividend yield	—%

Performance Stock Options

On September 1, 2020, the board of directors approved the implementation of a revised annual equity award program for executive officers, senior level employees and consultants to be granted as performance-based stock options ("PSOs") under the 2018 Plan. The PSOs issued to executive officers and senior level employees vested in prior years. The number of PSOs ultimately earned under the awards to a consultant is calculated based on the achievement of certain operational milestones. The maximum term of performance stock options granted under the 2018 Plan is 10 years for both employees and non-employees. The awards generally vest over a two-year period for executive officers and senior level employees. Awards to non-employees generally vest over a five-year period.

The provisions of the PSO are considered a performance condition, and the effects of that performance condition are not reflected in the grant date fair value of the awards. The Company used the Black-Scholes method to calculate the fair value at the grant date without regard to the vesting condition and will recognize compensation cost for the options that are expected to vest. Forfeitures of PSOs are recognized as they occur. The Company reassesses the probability of the performance condition at each reporting period and adjusts the compensation cost based on the probability assessment. As of September 30, 2024, the Company determined that 30,000 shares are expected to vest based on the probability of the performance condition that will be achieved under this equity award program.

Activity under the PSOs during the year ended September 30, 2024 is summarized below:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average exercise price per share		Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)	Aggregate intrinsic value
Outstanding at September 30, 2023	289	$	60.82	7.37	$	—
Forfeited	(17)	77.10		—	—
Outstanding at September 30, 2024	272	$	59.83	6.39	$	1,042
Nonvested at September 30, 2024	30	$	31.29	7.57	$	417
Exercisable at September 30, 2024	242	$	63.36	6.24	$	625

As of September 30, 2024, the unrecognized compensation costs related to these awards was $0.1 million. The Company expects to recognize those costs over a weighted average period of 0.6 years. The Company did not grant any PSOs during the year ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The total grant date fair value of PSOs awarded during the year ended September 30, 2022 was $1.5 million.

The fair values of PSOs granted during the year ended September 30, 2022 were calculated using the weighted average assumptions set forth below:


						Year ended September 30,
						2022
Expected term (years)						5.9
Expected volatility						70.9%
Risk-free interest rate						2.8%
Dividend yield						—%

Stock-based compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized were as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Cost of revenues	$	4,012	$	4,562	$	4,587
Research and development	11,199		13,944		19,541
Selling, general and administrative	35,714		11,772		54,905
Total stock-based compensation	$	50,925	$	30,278	$	79,033

An immaterial amount of stock-based compensation expense was capitalized to inventories attributable to employees who support the manufacturing of the Company's products for the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 . The balance sheet as of September 30, 2024 and 2023 includes $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation primarily related to implementation of the Company’s lab production software system and order management system, which was capitalized in property and equipment.

The total amount of share-based liabilities settled was $5.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2023. The settlement of the liabilities related to the issuance of contingent consideration and indemnity holdbacks associated with Abveris and iGenomX acquisition.

2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On September 26, 2018, the board of directors adopted the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the 2018 ESPP). A total of 275,225 shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance under the 2018 ESPP. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 ESPP will be increased automatically on the first day of each fiscal year, following the fiscal year in which the 2018 ESPP becomes effective, by a number equal to the least of 249,470 shares, 1% of the shares of common stock outstanding at that time, or such number of shares determined by the Company’s board of directors. The number of shares reserved for issuance as at September 30, 2024 is as follows:


(In thousands)						Shares available
Outstanding at September 30, 2023						539
Additional shares authorized						249
Shares issued during the period						(177)
Outstanding at September 30, 2024						611

Subject to any plan limitations, the 2018 ESPP allows eligible service providers (through qualified and non-qualified offerings) to contribute, normally through payroll deductions, up to 15% of their earnings for the purchase of the Company’s common stock at a discounted price per share. The offering periods are beginning in February and August of each year, except the initial offering period which commenced with the initial public offering in October 2018 and ended on August 20, 2019. The common shares issuable under the 2018 ESPP were registered pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8 on November 26, 2018.

Unless otherwise determined by the board of directors, the Company’s common stock will be purchased for the accounts of employees participating in the 2018 ESPP at a price per share that is the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first trading day of the offering period, which for the initial offering period is the price at

which shares of the Company’s common stock were first sold to the public, or 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the last trading day of the offering period. During the years ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $1.6 million expense related to the 2018 ESPP. During the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 activity under the 2018 ESPP was immaterial.

401(k) Savings Plan

During 2018, the Company adopted a 401(k) savings plan for the benefit of its employees. In January 2022, the Company modified its plan to include an employer matching contribution. The Company is required to make matching contributions to the 401(k) plan equal to 50% of the first 6% of wages deferred by each participating employee. For the year ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred expenses for employer matching contributions of $2.6 million and $2.8 million, respectively.

Abveris Acquisition

On December 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Abveris and granted certain equity awards to new employees. These equity awards included up to 231,876 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock which are issuable based on achievement of the 2023 calendar revenue target, which had an aggregate grant date fair value of $20.1 million. In addition, all employees must remain employed through the payout date, and certain employees have an additional vesting period of up to two years from the acquisition date. The vesting upon achievement of the 2023 calendar revenue target is considered a performance condition, and the effects of that performance condition are not reflected in the grant date fair value of the awards. The Company used the stock price as of December 1, 2021 for the fair value of restricted shares.

At September 30, 2022, management determined that the performance condition relating to these awards was probable of being achieved, and cumulative stock-based compensation expense of $9.9 million was recognized during the year ended September 30, 2022. At December 31, 2022, management determined that the performance condition was not achieved, and therefore the cumulative stock-based compensation expense recognized to date was reversed, resulting in a reduction of stock compensation expense of $9.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2022.

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 226,316	$ 286,470
Short-term investments	50,083	49,943
Accounts receivable, net	34,903	44,064
Inventories	24,078	32,063
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	11,396	11,716
Total current assets	346,776	424,256
Property and equipment, net	102,520	131,830
Operating lease right-of-use assets	58,829	71,531
Goodwill	85,811	85,811
Intangible assets, net	14,478	54,483
Restricted cash, non-current	2,816	2,811
Other non-current assets	3,093	5,681
Total assets	614,323	776,403
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,630	14,052
Accrued expenses	15,104	10,754
Accrued compensation	33,650	25,818
Current portion of operating lease liability	14,805	14,896
Other current liabilities	5,817	7,803
Total current liabilities	71,006	73,323
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	70,221	79,173
Other non-current liabilities	407	475
Total liabilities	141,634	152,971
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock, $0.00001 par value — 100,000 and 100,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively; 58,877 and 57,557 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	1,715,119	1,657,222
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(522)	(756)
Accumulated deficit	(1,241,908)	(1,033,034)
Total stockholders’ equity	472,689	623,432
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 614,323	$ 776,403

Revenue - By Industry (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2023

Sep. 30, 2022

Industrial chemicals/materials

^[1]

$ 312,974

$ 245,109

$ 203,565

83,472

59,321

57,940

Academic research

58,452

45,847

37,097

Healthcare

168,959

137,148

106,363

Food/agriculture

$ 2,091

$ 2,793

$ 2,165

[1]	During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had revenues from related parties in the amount of $12.1 million, $5.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common stock, share authorized (in shares)	100,000	100,000
Common stock, share issued (in shares)	58,877	57,557
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	58,877	57,557

Revenue - Contract Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract assets	$ 2,031	$ 2,816
Contract liabilities	$ 2,131	$ 2,999

Revenue (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Contract with Customer, Contract Asset, Contract Liability, and Receivable

The following table summarizes our contract balances:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Contract assets(1)	$	2,031	$	2,816
Contract liabilities(2)	2,131		2,999

(1) consists of unbilled amounts primarily related to Biopharma contracts which consists of research and development agreements with third parties.

(2) Generally results from receipt of advance payment before our performance related to Biopharma contracts.

Summary of Revenue by Geographic Region


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Americas	$	193,884	$	151,263	$	122,473
EMEA	92,567		71,389		62,078
APAC	26,523		22,457		19,014
Total	$	312,974	$	245,109	$	203,565

Summary of Revenue by Product

The table below sets forth revenues by products.


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Synthetic genes	$	92,679	$	73,541	$	61,509
Oligo pools	16,906		14,489		12,424
DNA libraries	13,933		10,201		6,149
Antibody discovery	20,328		23,172		24,171
NGS tools	169,128		123,706		99,312
Total	$	312,974	$	245,109	$	203,565

Summary of Revenue by Industry

The table below sets forth revenues by industry.


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Industrial chemicals/materials	$	83,472	$	59,321	$	57,940
Academic research	58,452		45,847		37,097
Healthcare	168,959		137,148		106,363
Food/agriculture	2,091		2,793		2,165
Total revenues	$	312,974	$	245,109	$	203,565

Goodwill and intangible assets - Intangible Assets Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross carrying amount	$ 66,130	$ 66,130
Impairment	(35,864)	0	$ 0
Accumulated amortization	(15,788)	(11,647)
Intangible assets, net	$ 14,478	$ 54,483
Developed Technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted average Amortization period in years	17 years	15 years
Gross carrying amount	$ 50,020	$ 50,020
Impairment	(25,198)
Accumulated amortization	(10,344)	(7,636)
Intangible assets, net	$ 14,478	$ 42,384
Customer Relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted average Amortization period in years	0 years	11 years
Gross carrying amount	$ 15,210	$ 15,210
Impairment	(10,541)
Accumulated amortization	(4,669)	(3,461)
Intangible assets, net	$ 0	$ 11,749
Tradenames & Trademarks
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted average Amortization period in years	0 years	3 years
Gross carrying amount	$ 900	$ 900
Impairment	(125)
Accumulated amortization	(775)	(550)
Intangible assets, net	$ 0	$ 350

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Relating to Companies Operating Lease

The following table presents the Company's right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to the Company’s operating leases as of September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use-assets	$	58,829	$	71,531
Current liabilities:
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	$	14,805	$	14,896
Noncurrent liabilities:
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	$	70,221	$	79,173

Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases

Future minimum lease payments under all non-cancelable operating leases as of September 30, 2024 are as follows:


(in thousands)	Operating leases
Years ending September 30:
2025	$	14,814
2026	13,885
2027	8,371
2028	8,471
2029	6,609
Thereafter	81,405
Total minimum lease payments	$	133,555

Less: imputed interest	(48,529)
Total operating lease liabilities	$	85,026
Less: current portion	(14,805)
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	$	70,221

Lease, Cost

The components of lease expense and supplemental information were as follows:


	September 30,
(in thousands except years and percentage)	2024			2023
Operating lease costs	$	15,637		$	16,182
Variable lease costs	7,724			6,194
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) - operating leases	15.21 years			15.37 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	6.52		%	6.54		%

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases are as follows:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Cash payments included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	14,707	$	14,604

Related party transactions - (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2023

Sep. 30, 2022

Raw materials purchased from related party investor

$ 4,400

$ 6,800

$ 8,000

^[1]

312,974

245,109

203,565

Accounts receivable, net

34,903

44,064

12,100

5,900

$ 3,500

Accounts receivable, net

$ 500

$ 1,700

[1]	During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had revenues from related parties in the amount of $12.1 million, $5.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Income taxes - Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Change in valuation allowance	(22.00%)	(25.00%)	(13.00%)
Research and development credit benefit	3.00%	5.00%	4.00%
Business combination	0.00%	0.00%	(4.00%)
Stock-based compensation	(1.00%)	(1.00%)	(1.00%)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration and holdbacks	0.00%	1.00%	(1.00%)
Gain on deconsolidation of variable interest entity	0.00%	0.00%	(1.00%)
Others	(1.00%)	(2.00%)	0.00%
Total income tax expense	0.00%	(1.00%)	5.00%

Revenue - By Product (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2023

Sep. 30, 2022

^[1]

$ 312,974

$ 245,109

$ 203,565

Synthetic genes

92,679

73,541

61,509

Oligo pools

16,906

14,489

12,424

DNA libraries

13,933

10,201

6,149

Antibody discovery

20,328

23,172

24,171

NGS tools

$ 169,128

$ 123,706

$ 99,312

[1]	During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had revenues from related parties in the amount of $12.1 million, $5.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Nov. 13, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38720
Entity Registrant Name	Twist Bioscience Corporation
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	46-2058888
Entity Address, Address Line One	681 Gateway Blvd
Entity Address, City or Town	South San Francisco
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94080
City Area Code	800
Local Phone Number	719-0671
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Trading Symbol	TWST
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 1,920
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		59,356,440
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed in connection with its 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001581280
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY

Income taxes

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income taxes

The Company recorded income tax expense of $0.6 million and $1.2 million for the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $10.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2022.

The domestic and foreign components of pre-tax loss for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
US	$	(209,545)	$	(205,389)	$	(231,659)
Foreign	1,379		1,923		3,385
Total	$	(208,166)	$	(203,466)	$	(228,274)

The components of the income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Current
Federal	$	—	$	—	$	—
State	20		9		(1)
Foreign	540		1,143		767
Total current	$	560	$	1,152	$	766

Deferred
Federal	$	—	$	—	$	(9,765)
State	—		—		(1,412)
Foreign	—		—		—
Total deferred	$	—	$	—	$	(11,177)

Total provision (benefit)	$	560	$	1,152	$	(10,411)

The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022:


	Year ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2022
Tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	21	%	21	%	21	%
Change in valuation allowance	(22)	%	(25)	%	(13)	%
Research and development credit benefit	3	%	5	%	4	%
Business combination	—	%	—	%	(4)	%
Stock-based compensation	(1)	%	(1)	%	(1)	%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration and holdbacks	—	%	1	%	(1)	%
Gain on deconsolidation of variable interest entity	—	%	—	%	(1)	%
Others	(1)	%	(2)	%	—	%
Total income tax expense	—	%	(1)	%	5	%

The significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows for the years ended September 30, 2024, and 2023:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	226,959	$	209,338
Research and development credit carryforwards	59,578		49,454
Capitalized research and development	43,232		30,599
Operating lease liability	21,377		22,921
Stock-based compensation	13,384		13,858
Other	14,310		8,107
Gross deferred tax assets	$	378,840	$	334,277
Less: Valuation allowance	(360,594)		(302,381)
Net deferred tax assets	$	18,246	$	31,896
Fixed assets	$	—	$	(1,363)
Operating lease right-of-use asset	(14,786)		(17,417)
Intangible assets	(3,460)		(13,116)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	$	(18,246)	$	(31,896)
Total net deferred tax asset	$	—	$	—

Based on the available objective evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be fully realizable. Accordingly, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets at September 30, 2024 and 2023. The valuation allowance was $360.6 million and $302.4 million as of September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The change in the valuation allowance was mainly due to an increase in the net operating loss, research and development credits and capitalized research and development during the fiscal year 2024.

The Company intends to continue maintaining a full valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred tax assets until there is sufficient evidence to support the reversal of all or some portion of the allowance. The release of all, or a portion, of the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of certain deferred tax assets and a decrease to income tax expense for the period the release is recorded.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $903.1 million and $588.4 million available to reduce future taxable income, if any, for federal and state income tax purposes, respectively. Of the total federal net operating loss carryforwards, $702.0 million never expires and the remaining carryforwards of $201.1 million expire at various dates beginning in 2032 through 2038. Of the total state net operating loss carryforwards, the California State tax loss carryforwards of $29.7 million begin to expire in 2033 and the remaining carryforwards of $293.6 million for other states begin to expire at various dates beginning 2025 and beyond.

The Company also had federal and state research and development credit carryforwards of approximately $51.0 million and $34.4 million, respectively, at September 30, 2024. The federal credits will expire starting in 2033 if not utilized. The California research and development credits have no expiration date. Utilization of the net operating losses and tax credits

is subject to annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions. Such annual limitations may result in the expiration of the net operating losses and tax credits before utilization.

The provisions of ASC 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, prescribe a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement, and presentation and disclosure in financial statements of any uncertain tax positions that have been taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. The Company has identified uncertain tax positions related to federal and state research and development credits and foreign jurisdictions.

The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:


(in thousands)	Federal and state
Balance as of September 30, 2021	$	7,437
Increases related to tax positions taken during 2022	5,082
Increases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	864
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	13,383
Increases related to tax positions taken during 2023	5,043
Increases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	759
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	19,185
Increases related to tax positions taken during 2024	$	3,354
decreases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	(127)
Balance as of September 30, 2024	$	22,412

The Company does not expect a material change in unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months. As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, approximately $0.4 million and $0.4 million of unrecognized tax benefit would, if recognized, impact the Company’s effective income tax rate, respectively.

It is the Company’s policy to include penalties and interest expense related to income taxes as a component of other expense and interest expense, respectively, as necessary. The Company’s management determined that no accrual for interest and penalties was required as of September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The Company’s files federal and state income tax returns with varying statutes of limitations. All tax years remain open to examination due to the carryover of net operating losses or tax credits. The Company currently has no federal or state tax examinations in progress.

In fiscal year 2022, the Company began recognizing an additional component of total Federal tax expense, the tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) provision of the Tax Act, which became applicable to the Company in fiscal year 2022. The Company elected to account for GILTI as a period cost, and therefore included GILTI expense in the effective tax rate calculation. This provision did not have a material effect on the effective tax rate for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

The entire disclosure for income tax.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Income taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 560	$ 1,152	$ (10,411)
Valuation allowance	360,594	302,381
Impact of unrecognized tax benefits on income tax rate if recognized	400	400
Domestic Tax Jurisdiction
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forwards	903,100	588,400
Domestic Tax Jurisdiction \| Never Expire
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forwards	702,000
Domestic Tax Jurisdiction \| 2032 through 2038
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forwards	201,100
State and Local Jurisdiction
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forwards	903,100	$ 588,400
State and Local Jurisdiction \| 2023
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forwards	29,700
State and Local Jurisdiction \| 2024 and Beyond
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating loss carry forwards	293,600
Research Tax Credit Carryforward \| Domestic Tax Jurisdiction
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Tax credit carry forwards	51,000
Research Tax Credit Carryforward \| State and Local Jurisdiction
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Tax credit carry forwards	$ 34,400

Goodwill and intangible assets

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Goodwill and intangible assets

Total amortization expense related to intangible assets was $4.1 million, $5.3 million, and $4.9 million for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The goodwill balance is presented below:


(in thousands)	September 30,
	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of year	85,811		85,811


Balance at end of year	$	85,811	$	85,811

The finite-lived intangible assets balances are presented below:


	September 30, 2024
(in thousands, except for years)	Weighted average Amortization period in years	Gross carrying amount		Impairment		Accumulated amortization		Net book value
Developed Technology	17	$	50,020	$	(25,198)	$	(10,344)	$	14,478
Customer Relationships	—	15,210		(10,541)		(4,669)		—
Tradenames & Trademarks	—	900		(125)		(775)		—

Total finite-lived intangible assets		$	66,130	$	(35,864)	$	(15,788)	$	14,478


	September 30, 2023
(in thousands, except for years)	Weighted average Amortization period in years	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net book value
Developed Technology	15	$	50,020	$	(7,636)	$	42,384
Customer Relationships	11	15,210		(3,461)		11,749
Tradenames & Trademarks	3	900		(550)		350
Total finite-lived intangible assets		$	66,130	$	(11,647)	$	54,483

Future annual amortization expense is as follows (in thousands):


Years ending September 30,
2025	$	1,053
2026	1,053
2027	1,053
2028	1,053
2029	1,053
Thereafter	9,213
	$	14,478

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023		2022
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(208,726)	$	(204,618)	$	(217,863)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted	58,016		56,885		53,885
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(3.60)	$	(3.60)	$	(4.04)

The potentially dilutive common shares that were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would have been antidilutive for the periods presented are as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024	2023	2022
Shares subject to options to purchase common stock	1,891	2,408	2,765

Unvested restricted stock units and performance stock units	3,130	2552	2095
Shares subject to employee stock purchase plan	69	118	97

Total	5,090	5,078	4,957

Stock-based compensation - Additional information (Details)			3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 01, 2021 USD ($) shares	Sep. 26, 2018 shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Aug. 22, 2023 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Aggregate number of common stock shares reserved for issuance (in shares) \| shares				611,000	539,000
Capitalized computer software, net				$ 5,200,000	$ 3,200,000
Share-based liabilities settled					5,900,000
Stock based compensation expense				$ 50,925,000	30,278,000	$ 79,033,000
Employer matching percentage				50.00%
Percentage of employee's gross pay matched				6.00%
Employer matching contributions				$ 2,600,000	2,800,000
AbX Biologics, Inc.
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	2 years
Awards aggregate fair value	$ 20,100,000
Share-based payment arrangement, expense (credit)			$ 9,900,000
Restricted Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				4 years
Conversion ratio				1
Unrecognized compensation cost				$ 55,900,000
Recognize cost weighted average period				2 years 6 months
Grant date fair value				$ 42,700,000	32,200,000	96,200,000
Vested in period, fair value				$ 31,000,000	33,700,000	27,100,000
Granted (in shares) \| shares				1,523,000
Restricted Stock Unit \| Director
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				1 year
Performance Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost				$ 9,500,000
Recognize cost weighted average period				1 year 4 months 24 days
Grant date fair value				$ 11,500,000	21,200,000	49,000,000
Vested in period, fair value				$ 6,900,000	$ 1,800,000	500,000
Granted (in shares) \| shares				617,000
Performance Stock Unit \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Percentage of PSUs that may vest based on performance				0.00%
Performance Stock Unit \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Percentage of PSUs that may vest based on performance				150.00%
Performance Stock Unit \| Employee \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				2 years
Performance Stock Unit \| Employee \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				3 years
Performance Stock Unit \| Non-Employee \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				1 year
Performance Stock Unit \| Non-Employee \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				3 years
Option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				4 years
Unrecognized compensation cost				$ 200,000
Recognize cost weighted average period				1 year
Award term				10 years
Dividend yield				0.00%	0.00%
Options, grant date fair value						15,800,000
Exercises in period, intrinsic value					$ 1,100,000	31,900,000
Performance Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost				$ 100,000
Recognize cost weighted average period				7 months 6 days
Grant date fair value						1,500,000
Award term				10 years
Dividend yield					0.00%
Performance Stock Options \| Non-Employee
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				5 years
Performance Stock Options \| Executive Officers and Senior Level Employees
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period				2 years
Vest outstanding (in shares) \| shares				30,000
Share-based Payment Arrangement
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Capitalized computer software, net				$ 1,300,000	$ 1,200,000
Performance Shares \| AbX Biologics, Inc.
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense					9,900,000
Granted (in shares) \| shares	231,876
2018 Equity Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum aggregate number of shares (in shares) \| shares		6,856,405
Minimum annual increase in share reserved for issuance \| shares		999,900
Annual automatic Increase in share reserved for issuance (as a percent)		4.00%
Aggregate number of common stock shares reserved for issuance (in shares) \| shares				1,618,728
Inducement Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum aggregate number of shares (in shares) \| shares							700,000
2018 ESPP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Minimum annual increase in share reserved for issuance \| shares		249,470
Annual automatic Increase in share reserved for issuance (as a percent)		1.00%
Aggregate number of common stock shares reserved for issuance (in shares) \| shares		275,225
Percentage of payroll deduction to purchase common stock		15.00%
ESPP eligible employee common stock purchase price ratio		85.00%
2018 ESPP \| Shares subject to options to purchase common stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense				$ 1,600,000	$ 0	$ 0

Fair value measurement - Summary of Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balances of the Level 3 Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		$ 0	$ 7,193
Change in fair value	$ (2,100)		(5,426)
Ending balance			$ 0
Fair value, liability, recurring basis, unobservable input reconciliation, gain (loss), statement of income or comprehensive income			Change In Fair Value Of Contingent Consideration And Indemnity Holdback
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Change in fair value			$ 0
Contingent Consideration
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		0	2,100
Change in fair value			(2,100)
Additions during the year		0	0
Impairment		0
Ending balance		0	0
Equity Method Investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		3,711	3,711
Additions during the year		0	0
Impairment		(2,186)
Ending balance		$ 1,525	$ 3,711

Leases - Operating Leases On Balance Sheet (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use-assets	$ 58,829	$ 71,531
Current liabilities:
Current portion of operating lease liability	14,805	14,896
Noncurrent liabilities:
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	$ 70,221	$ 79,173

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Common stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss)	Accumulated deficit	Accumulated deficit Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021			49,499
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 580,821		$ 0	$ 1,190,828	$ 546	$ (610,553)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock in public offerings, net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses (in shares)			5,227
Issuance of common stock in public offerings, net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses	269,822			269,822
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)			365
Issuance of shares under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			97
Issuance of shares under the employee stock purchase plan	4,010			4,010
Exercise of stock options (in shares)			486
Exercise of stock options	5,952			5,952
Repurchases of early exercised stock options (in shares)			0
Business acquisition (in shares)			988
Business acquisition	77,122			77,122
Stock-based compensation	79,664			79,664
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,389)				(2,389)
Repurchases of common stock for income tax withholding (in shares)			(139)
Repurchase of common stock for income tax withholdings	(7,754)			(7,754)
Net loss	(217,863)					(217,863)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022			56,523
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	789,385		$ 0	1,619,644	(1,843)	(828,416)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)			648
Issuance of shares under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			217
Issuance of shares under the employee stock purchase plan	3,937			3,937
Exercise of stock options (in shares)			118
Exercise of stock options	1,379			1,379
Business acquisition (in shares)			277
Business acquisition	5,860			5,860
Stock-based compensation	30,821			30,821
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,087				1,087
Repurchases of common stock for income tax withholding (in shares)			(226)
Repurchase of common stock for income tax withholdings	(4,419)			(4,419)
Net loss	$ (204,618)					(204,618)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	57,557		57,557
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 623,432	$ (148)	$ 0	1,657,222	(756)	(1,033,034)	$ (148)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Accounting standards update	Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 [Member]
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)			896
Issuance of shares under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares)	177		177
Issuance of shares under the employee stock purchase plan	$ 3,765			3,765
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	384		384
Exercise of stock options	$ 7,100			7,100
Stock-based compensation	51,007			51,007
Other comprehensive income (loss)	234				234
Repurchases of common stock for income tax withholding (in shares)			(137)
Repurchase of common stock for income tax withholdings	(3,975)			(3,975)
Net loss	$ (208,726)					(208,726)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	58,877		58,877
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 472,689		$ 0	$ 1,715,119	$ (522)	$ (1,241,908)

Income taxes - Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits roll forward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]
Balance beginning of the year	$ 19,185	$ 13,383	$ 7,437
Increases related to tax positions during the year	3,354	5,043	5,082
Increases related to tax positions taken in the prior year		759	864
decreases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	(127)
Balance end of the year	$ 22,412	$ 19,185	$ 13,383

Revenue - Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2023

Sep. 30, 2022

^[1]

$ 312,974

$ 245,109

$ 203,565

Americas

193,884

151,263

122,473

EMEA

92,567

71,389

62,078

APAC

$ 26,523

$ 22,457

$ 19,014

[1]	During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company had revenues from related parties in the amount of $12.1 million, $5.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Balance sheet components - Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]
Raw Materials	$ 17,316	$ 27,024
Work-in-process	2,146	1,113
Finished Goods	4,616	3,926
Total inventories	$ 24,078	$ 32,063

Summary of significant accounting policies - Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 226,316	$ 286,470
Restricted cash, non-current	2,816	2,811
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 229,132	$ 289,281	$ 380,259	$ 467,359

Goodwill and intangible assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Schedule of Goodwill

The goodwill balance is presented below:


(in thousands)	September 30,
	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of year	85,811		85,811


Balance at end of year	$	85,811	$	85,811

Summary of Intangible Assets Balances

The finite-lived intangible assets balances are presented below:


	September 30, 2024
(in thousands, except for years)	Weighted average Amortization period in years	Gross carrying amount		Impairment		Accumulated amortization		Net book value
Developed Technology	17	$	50,020	$	(25,198)	$	(10,344)	$	14,478
Customer Relationships	—	15,210		(10,541)		(4,669)		—
Tradenames & Trademarks	—	900		(125)		(775)		—

Total finite-lived intangible assets		$	66,130	$	(35,864)	$	(15,788)	$	14,478


	September 30, 2023
(in thousands, except for years)	Weighted average Amortization period in years	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net book value
Developed Technology	15	$	50,020	$	(7,636)	$	42,384
Customer Relationships	11	15,210		(3,461)		11,749
Tradenames & Trademarks	3	900		(550)		350
Total finite-lived intangible assets		$	66,130	$	(11,647)	$	54,483

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense

Future annual amortization expense is as follows (in thousands):


Years ending September 30,
2025	$	1,053
2026	1,053
2027	1,053
2028	1,053
2029	1,053
Thereafter	9,213
	$	14,478

Tabular disclosure of goodwill by reportable segment and in total which includes a rollforward schedule.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 24
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482548/350-20-55-24

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1A

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-2

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Summary of Debt Securities Available-for-Sale

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2024:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	26,458	$	—	$	—	$	26,458
Cash equivalents - money market funds	199,858		—		—		199,858
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	—	$	—	$	226,316
Short-term investments:
U.S. government treasury bills	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Total short-term investments	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	$	1,525	$	—	$	—	$	1,525
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	277,805	$	119	$	—	$	277,924

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	40,816	$	—	$	—	$	40,816
Cash equivalents - money market funds	245,654		—		—		245,654
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	286,470	$	—	$	—	$	286,470
Short-term investments:
Corporate bonds	$	14,918	$	—	$	(29)	$	14,889
U.S. government treasury bills	35,111		—		(57)		35,054
Total short-term investments	$	50,029	$	—	$	(86)	$	49,943
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	3,711		—		—		3,711
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	340,210	$	—	$	(86)	$	340,124

Summary of Cash and Cash Equivalents


(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	286,470
Restricted cash, non-current	2,816		2,811
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	229,132	$	289,281

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2024:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	26,458	$	—	$	—	$	26,458
Cash equivalents - money market funds	199,858		—		—		199,858
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	—	$	—	$	226,316
Short-term investments:
U.S. government treasury bills	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Total short-term investments	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	$	1,525	$	—	$	—	$	1,525
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	277,805	$	119	$	—	$	277,924

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	40,816	$	—	$	—	$	40,816
Cash equivalents - money market funds	245,654		—		—		245,654
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	286,470	$	—	$	—	$	286,470
Short-term investments:
Corporate bonds	$	14,918	$	—	$	(29)	$	14,889
U.S. government treasury bills	35,111		—		(57)		35,054
Total short-term investments	$	50,029	$	—	$	(86)	$	49,943
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	3,711		—		—		3,711
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	340,210	$	—	$	(86)	$	340,124

Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-9

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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Audit Information	12 Months Ended
Audit Information	Sep. 30, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Firm ID	42
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location	San Mateo, California

Organization and description of business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accumulated deficit	$ 1,241,908	$ 1,033,034
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	208,726	204,618	$ 217,863
Cash and cash equivalents	226,316	286,470
Short-term investments	$ 50,083	$ 49,943

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

Amount of accumulated undistributed earnings (deficit).

+ References + Details

2023 Restructuring and other costs - Accrual Activity and Payments Relating to Cash-Based Restructuring Charges (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs	$ 0	$ 9,384	$ 0
2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs		9,384
Payments		(8,867)
Restructuring reserve		517
Severance and related benefit costs \| 2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs		8,467
Payments		(7,950)
Restructuring reserve		517
Other associated costs \| 2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs		917
Payments		(917)
Restructuring reserve		$ 0

Schedule of Domestic and Foreign Components of Pre-Tax Loss

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Income taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

The domestic and foreign components of pre-tax loss for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
US	$	(209,545)	$	(205,389)	$	(231,659)
Foreign	1,379		1,923		3,385
Total	$	(208,166)	$	(203,466)	$	(228,274)

Schedule of Components of the Provision for Income Taxes

The components of the income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Current
Federal	$	—	$	—	$	—
State	20		9		(1)
Foreign	540		1,143		767
Total current	$	560	$	1,152	$	766

Deferred
Federal	$	—	$	—	$	(9,765)
State	—		—		(1,412)
Foreign	—		—		—
Total deferred	$	—	$	—	$	(11,177)

Total provision (benefit)	$	560	$	1,152	$	(10,411)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023, and 2022:


	Year ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2022
Tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	21	%	21	%	21	%
Change in valuation allowance	(22)	%	(25)	%	(13)	%
Research and development credit benefit	3	%	5	%	4	%
Business combination	—	%	—	%	(4)	%
Stock-based compensation	(1)	%	(1)	%	(1)	%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration and holdbacks	—	%	1	%	(1)	%
Gain on deconsolidation of variable interest entity	—	%	—	%	(1)	%
Others	(1)	%	(2)	%	—	%
Total income tax expense	—	%	(1)	%	5	%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows for the years ended September 30, 2024, and 2023:


	September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	226,959	$	209,338
Research and development credit carryforwards	59,578		49,454
Capitalized research and development	43,232		30,599
Operating lease liability	21,377		22,921
Stock-based compensation	13,384		13,858
Other	14,310		8,107
Gross deferred tax assets	$	378,840	$	334,277
Less: Valuation allowance	(360,594)		(302,381)
Net deferred tax assets	$	18,246	$	31,896
Fixed assets	$	—	$	(1,363)
Operating lease right-of-use asset	(14,786)		(17,417)
Intangible assets	(3,460)		(13,116)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	$	(18,246)	$	(31,896)
Total net deferred tax asset	$	—	$	—

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward

The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:


(in thousands)	Federal and state
Balance as of September 30, 2021	$	7,437
Increases related to tax positions taken during 2022	5,082
Increases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	864
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	13,383
Increases related to tax positions taken during 2023	5,043
Increases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	759
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	19,185
Increases related to tax positions taken during 2024	$	3,354
decreases related to tax positions taken in the prior year	(127)
Balance as of September 30, 2024	$	22,412

Stock-based compensation - Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Shares
Number of options, Outstanding beginning balance (in shares)	2,119
Forfeited (in shares)	(116)
Exercised (in shares)	(384)
Number of options, Outstanding ending balance (in shares)	1,619	2,119
Number of options, Nonvested at September 30, 2022 (in shares)	3
Number of options, Exercisable (in shares)	1,616
Weighted average exercise price per share
Weighted average exercise price per share, Outstanding beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 24.18
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	38.41
Exercised (in dollars per share)	18.50
Weighted average exercise price per share, Outstanding ending balance (in dollars per share)	24.51	$ 24.18
Weighted average exercise price per share, Nonvested at September 30, 2022 (in dollars per share)	106.55
Weighted average exercise price per share, Exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 24.35
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)
Outstanding	4 years 3 months 7 days	5 years 3 months
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years), Nonvested at September 30, 2022	6 years 11 months 8 days
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years), Exercisable	4 years 3 months 7 days
Aggregate intrinsic value
Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding beginning balance	$ 6,715
Exercised	9,202
Aggregate intrinsic value, Nonvested at September 30, 2022	0
Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable	36,798
Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding ending balance	$ 36,798	$ 6,715
Performance Stock Options
Shares
Number of options, Outstanding beginning balance (in shares)	289
Forfeited (in shares)	(17)
Number of options, Outstanding ending balance (in shares)	272	289
Number of options, Nonvested at September 30, 2022 (in shares)	30
Number of options, Exercisable (in shares)	242
Weighted average exercise price per share
Weighted average exercise price per share, Outstanding beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 60.82
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	77.10
Weighted average exercise price per share, Outstanding ending balance (in dollars per share)	59.83	$ 60.82
Weighted average exercise price per share, Nonvested at September 30, 2022 (in dollars per share)	31.29
Weighted average exercise price per share, Exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 63.36
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)
Outstanding	6 years 4 months 20 days	7 years 4 months 13 days
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years), Nonvested at September 30, 2022	7 years 6 months 25 days
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years), Exercisable	6 years 2 months 26 days
Aggregate intrinsic value
Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding beginning balance	$ 0
Aggregate intrinsic value, Nonvested at September 30, 2022	417
Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable	625
Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding ending balance	$ 1,042	$ 0

Leases - Minimum Rental Payments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
2025	$ 14,814
2026	13,885
2027	8,371
2028	8,471
2029	6,609
Thereafter	81,405
Total minimum lease payments	133,555
Less: imputed interest	(48,529)
Total operating lease liabilities	85,026
Less: current portion	(14,805)	$ (14,896)
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	$ 70,221	$ 79,173

2023 Restructuring and other costs - Narrative (Details)		12 Months Ended
	May 03, 2023 employee	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Other restructuring costs		$ 3,500,000
Severance costs		0
2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and related cost, expected number of positions eliminated \| employee	270
Restructuring and related cost, number of positions eliminated, period percent	25.00%
Restructuring charges		9,384,000
Restructuring reserve		517,000
2023 Restructuring Plan \| Severance and related benefit costs
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		8,467,000
Restructuring reserve		517,000
2023 Restructuring Plan \| Other associated costs
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		917,000
Restructuring reserve		0
2023 Restructuring Plan \| Pre-Tax Restructuring
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		$ 12,700,000

Summary of significant accounting policies - Schedule of Estimated Lives of Property And Equipment (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024
Laboratory equipment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	5 years
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	5 years
Computer equipment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	3 years
Vehicles
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	5 years
Computer software
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful life	3 years

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Cash and Cash Equivalents

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments

Cash, cash equivalent and investments

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2024:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	26,458	$	—	$	—	$	26,458
Cash equivalents - money market funds	199,858		—		—		199,858
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	226,316	$	—	$	—	$	226,316
Short-term investments:
U.S. government treasury bills	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Total short-term investments	$	49,964	$	119	$	—	$	50,083
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	$	1,525	$	—	$	—	$	1,525
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	277,805	$	119	$	—	$	277,924

The following table sets forth the cash and cash equivalents, and investments as of September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Cash	$	40,816	$	—	$	—	$	40,816
Cash equivalents - money market funds	245,654		—		—		245,654
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	286,470	$	—	$	—	$	286,470
Short-term investments:
Corporate bonds	$	14,918	$	—	$	(29)	$	14,889
U.S. government treasury bills	35,111		—		(57)		35,054
Total short-term investments	$	50,029	$	—	$	(86)	$	49,943
Non-current assets - equity investment in privately held companies	3,711		—		—		3,711
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments	$	340,210	$	—	$	(86)	$	340,124

During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, gross realized gains and losses related to our short-term investments were not material.

During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not recognize any credit losses.

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders - Computation (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (208,726)	$ (204,618)	$ (217,863)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic (in shares)	58,016	56,885	53,885
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted (in shares)	58,016	56,885	53,885
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders—basic (in dollars per share)	$ (3.60)	$ (3.60)	$ (4.04)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders—diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (3.60)	$ (3.60)	$ (4.04)

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-based compensation - Reserved For Issuance (Details) shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 shares
Number Of Shares Reserved For Issuance [Roll Forward]
Outstanding at September 30, 2021 (in shares)	539
Additional shares authorized (in shares)	249
Shares issued during the period (in shares)	(177)
Outstanding at September 30, 2022 (in shares)	611

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 226,316	$ 286,470
Short term investments, Amortized cost	49,964	50,029
Gross unrealized gains	119	0
Gross unrealized losses	0	(86)
Short term investments, fair value	50,083	49,943
Equity securities, FV-NI, amortized cost	1,525	3,711
Equity securities, FV-NI, gross unrealized gains	0	0
Equity securities, FV-NI, unrealized loss	0	0
Fair value	1,525	3,711
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments, amortized cost	277,805	340,210
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments, fair value	277,924	340,124
Corporate bonds
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Short term investments, Amortized cost		14,918
Gross unrealized gains		0
Gross unrealized losses		(29)
Short term investments, fair value		14,889
U.S. government treasury bills
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Short term investments, Amortized cost	49,964	35,111
Gross unrealized gains	119	0
Gross unrealized losses	0	(57)
Short term investments, fair value	50,083	35,054
Cash
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	26,458	40,816
Money market funds
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 199,858	$ 245,654

Balance sheet components - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Other inventory, materials, supplies and merchandise under consignment, gross	$ 0
Depreciation	27,300,000	$ 24,100,000
Impairment of long-lived assets	44,930,000	6,785,000	$ 0
Capitalized computer software, net	5,200,000	3,200,000
Capitalized computer software, amortization	2,600,000	900,000
United States
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Long-lived assets	102,300,000	131,200,000
Non-US
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Long-lived assets	$ 200,000	$ 600,000

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Sep. 30, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events On October 21, 2024, the Company executed the Royalty Purchase Agreement ("RPA) with XOMA (US) LLC. ("XOMA Royalty"). Under the RPA, XOMA Royalty provided Twist Bioscience an upfront payment of $15.0 million in cash in exchange for the right to receive half of the future potential milestone and royalty payments resulting from existing antibody discovery and biopharma services agreements between the Company and its customers. * * * * *

Stock-based compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Summary of RSU Activity

Activity with respect to the Company’s restricted stock units during the year ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value per share








Nonvested shares at September 30, 2023	1,620	$	40.73
Granted	1,523	$	28.01
Vested/Issued	(786)	39.39
Forfeited	(393)	37.29
Nonvested shares at September 30, 2024	1,964	$	32.13

Summary of PSU Activity

Activity under the PSUs during the year ended September 30, 2024 is summarized below:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value per share








Nonvested shares at September 30, 2023	932	$	36.82
Granted	617	$	18.71
Vested/Issued	(87)	79.66
Forfeited	(296)	25.19
Nonvested shares at September 30, 2024	1,166	$	27.01

Schedule of Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity

Options activity during the year ended September 30, 2024 is summarized below:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average exercise price per share		Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)	Aggregate intrinsic value










Outstanding at September 30, 2023	2,119	$	24.18	5.25	$	6,715

Forfeited	(116)	38.41		—	—
Exercised	(384)	18.50		—	$	9,202

Outstanding at September 30, 2024	1,619	$	24.51	4.27	$	36,798
Nonvested at September 30, 2024	3	$	106.55	6.94	—
Exercisable at September 30, 2024	1,616	$	24.35	4.27	$	36,798

Activity under the PSOs during the year ended September 30, 2024 is summarized below:


(In thousands, except per share data)	Shares	Weighted average exercise price per share		Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)	Aggregate intrinsic value
Outstanding at September 30, 2023	289	$	60.82	7.37	$	—
Forfeited	(17)	77.10		—	—
Outstanding at September 30, 2024	272	$	59.83	6.39	$	1,042
Nonvested at September 30, 2024	30	$	31.29	7.57	$	417
Exercisable at September 30, 2024	242	$	63.36	6.24	$	625

Summary of Weighted Average Valuation Assumptions

The fair value of options granted during the year ended September 30, 2022 were calculated using the weighted average assumptions set forth below:


	Year ended September 30,
	2022
Expected term (years)	6.0
Expected volatility	70.7	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.4	%
Dividend yield	—%

The fair values of PSOs granted during the year ended September 30, 2022 were calculated using the weighted average assumptions set forth below:


						Year ended September 30,
						2022
Expected term (years)						5.9
Expected volatility						70.9%
Risk-free interest rate						2.8%
Dividend yield						—%

Schedule Of Stock-Based Compensation Expenses

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized were as follows:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Cost of revenues	$	4,012	$	4,562	$	4,587
Research and development	11,199		13,944		19,541
Selling, general and administrative	35,714		11,772		54,905
Total stock-based compensation	$	50,925	$	30,278	$	79,033

Schedule Of Shares Reserved For Issuance

The number of shares reserved for issuance as at September 30, 2024 is as follows:


(In thousands)						Shares available
Outstanding at September 30, 2023						539
Additional shares authorized						249
Shares issued during the period						(177)
Outstanding at September 30, 2024						611

2023 Restructuring and other costs - Restructuring Charges (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges, statement of income or comprehensive income		Restructuring and other costs
Tangible asset impairment charges	$ 9,066	$ 6,785	$ 0
Laboratory equipment
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Tangible asset impairment charges		3,700
Leasehold improvements
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Tangible asset impairment charges		1,800
Computer software
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Tangible asset impairment charges		1,300
2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs:		9,384
Impairment of long-lived assets:		16,169
Severance and related benefit costs \| 2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs:		8,467
Other associated costs \| 2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs:		917
Asset Impairments \| 2023 Restructuring Plan
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring and other costs:		$ 6,785

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of the Company's Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023		2022
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(208,726)	$	(204,618)	$	(217,863)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted	58,016		56,885		53,885
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(3.60)	$	(3.60)	$	(4.04)

Summary of Calculation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024	2023	2022
Shares subject to options to purchase common stock	1,891	2,408	2,765

Unvested restricted stock units and performance stock units	3,130	2552	2095
Shares subject to employee stock purchase plan	69	118	97

Total	5,090	5,078	4,957

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Parenthetical) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses	$ 17,678

Income taxes - Components of pre-tax loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
US	$ (209,545)	$ (205,389)	$ (231,659)
Foreign	1,379	1,923	3,385
Loss before income taxes	$ (208,166)	$ (203,466)	$ (228,274)

Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.

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Goodwill and intangible assets - Summary of Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of year	$ 85,811	$ 85,811
Balance at end of year	$ 85,811	$ 85,811

Amount, after accumulated impairment loss, of asset representing future economic benefit arising from other asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, that is not individually identified and separately recognized.

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Income taxes - Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 226,959	$ 209,338
Research and development credit carryforwards	59,578	49,454
Capitalized research and development	43,232	30,599
Operating lease liability	21,377	22,921
Stock-based compensation	13,384	13,858
Other	14,310	8,107
Gross deferred tax assets	378,840	334,277
Less: Valuation allowance	(360,594)	(302,381)
Net deferred tax assets	18,246	31,896
Fixed assets	0	(1,363)
Operating lease right-of-use asset	(14,786)	(17,417)
Intangible assets	(3,460)	(13,116)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	(18,246)	(31,896)
Total net deferred tax asset	$ 0	$ 0

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Cash payments included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$ 14,707	$ 14,604

Impairment of long-lived assets - Impairment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Tangible asset impairment charges	$ 9,066	$ 6,785	$ 0
Finite-lived intangible assets	35,864	0	0
Impairment of long-lived assets	$ 44,930	$ 6,785	$ 0

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders -Anti-dilutive (Detail) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount (in shares)	5,090	5,078	4,957
Shares subject to options to purchase common stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount (in shares)	1,891	2,408	2,765
Unvested restricted stock units and performance stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount (in shares)	3,130	2,552	2,095
Shares subject to employee stock purchase plan
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share amount (in shares)	69	118	97

Stock-based compensation - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	$ 50,925	$ 30,278	$ 79,033
Cost of revenues
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	4,012	4,562	4,587
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	11,199	13,944	19,541
Selling, general and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense	$ 35,714	$ 11,772	$ 54,905

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

2023 Restructuring and other costs

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

2023 Restructuring and other costs

On May 3, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a strategic restructuring plan to reduce costs, build a leaner organization and increase operating efficiencies. The restructuring plan included a reduction in force which affected approximately 270 employees worldwide, representing approximately 25% of the Company’s total workforce. The majority of these employees separated from the Company by September 30, 2023. The reduction in force is subject to local regulatory requirements. Furthermore, as part of the plan the Company removed the duplication of synthetic biology production across its South San Francisco, California and Wilsonville, Oregon facilities. The plan was implemented beginning in May 2023 and was substantially completed by the end of fiscal year 2023.

The Company recognized cumulative pre-tax restructuring $12.7 million and other costs of approximately $3.5 million in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, consisting of costs associated with employee severance and related benefits, asset impairments and other associated costs. The Company incurred immaterial employee severance and benefits expenses for year ended September 30, 2024.

Restructuring and other costs and losses on disposal of property and equipment, which was accounted in accordance with ASC 360, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets are presented in the table below:


	Year ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023
Restructuring and other costs:
Severance and related benefit costs	$	8,467
Other associated costs (1)	917
	$	9,384
Impairment of long-lived assets:
Asset impairments (2)	6,785
	$	16,169

(1) Related primarily to costs associated with transferring assets between labs and professional service assistance related to the restructuring.

(2) Related to write-off of lab equipment $3.7 million and leasehold improvements for decommissioned labs $1.8 million and computer software $1.3 million.

The following table shows the accrual activity and payments relating to cash-based restructuring costs for the year ended September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Severance and related benefit costs		Other associated costs		Total
Costs	$	8,467	$	917	$	9,384
Payments	(7,950)		(917)		(8,867)
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	517	$	—	$	517

As of September 30, 2023, $0.5 million of severance and related benefit costs is included in accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2024, no severance and related benefit costs is included in accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets.

Income taxes - Provision for income taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Current
Federal	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
State	20	9	(1)
Foreign	540	1,143	767
Total current	560	1,152	766
Deferred
Federal	0	0	(9,765)
State	0	0	(1,412)
Foreign	0	0	0
Total deferred	0	0	(11,177)
Total provision (benefit)	$ 560	$ 1,152	$ (10,411)

Common stock - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2024 vote $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2023 $ / shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Number of votes per share \| vote		1
Subsequent Public Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Underwritten public offering (in shares) \| shares	5,227,272
Common stock (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 55.00
Over-Allotment Option
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Underwritten public offering (in shares) \| shares	681,818
Net proceeds from offering \| $	$ 269.8

Related party transactions	12 Months Ended
Related party transactions	Sep. 30, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related party transactions	Related party transactionsDuring the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company purchased raw materials from related parties in the amount of $4.4 million, $6.8 million and $8.0 million, respectively. During the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized revenues from the related parties in the amount of $12.1 million, $5.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively. Payable balances with the related parties were immaterial as of September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Receivable balances with the related parties were $0.5 million and $1.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

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